Grammar XII

• 1) “She was completely blind. Didn’t you notice?” he said. (Narration) 1
• 2) Leading him down the hall, she opened the front door. (compound sentence)2
• 3) And then it is done. (negative) 3
• 4) He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed. (Noun form of ‘rests’) 4
• 5) Many of them offered bowls of water to my father. (change the voice) 5
• 6) The Tsar carried the wounded man into the hut. He laid him on the bed. (Simple)6
• 7) Charandas: Don’t hold me back, Maharaj. (narration) 7
• 8) The woman gave the girl detailed instructions. (voice) 8
• 9) I also remember people visiting our home to offer thanks after being cured. (compound) 9
• 10) All the answers were different. The Tsar agreed with none. (Complex)10

• 11) Your eternal summer will never fade. (affirmative)
• 12) It has grown Slowly consuming the earth. (the noun form of “Grow”)
• 13) Queen: Charandas, take pity on me. (narration)
• 14) It takes much time to kill a tree. Not a simple jab of the knife will do it. (complex)
• 15) The woman gave detailed instruction as to where to keep her things. (verb)15
• 16) The hermit rose, stretched out his hand for the spade. (simple)
• 17) She did not watch her purse which she left behind her on the day-bed. (split)
• 18) “Eat some more, son,” she said. (narration)
• 19) The frost has wrought a silence. (voice)
• 20) She laughed pleasantly. (adj. of ‘Pleasantly)20
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• 21) We lived in our ancestral house which was built in the middle of the 19th century. (join into compound)21
• 22) All the answers were different. The Tsar agreed with none of them. (Join as simple)
• 23) Not a simple jab of the knife will do it. (make affirmative)23
• 24) Charandas: He, who steals, Maharaj, is only called a thief. (Narration)
• 25) The humming insects do not disturb his sleep. (change the voice)25
• 26) I have endeavoured to understand the fundamental truths which were revealed to me by my father. (simple)
• 27) I wanted to raise my hand and touch her hair, but she moved away. (Turn into a complex)27
• 28) They are in trouble. (make negative)
• 29) She reached down. She picked the boy up by his shirt front. (Complex sentence)29
• 30) Munim: Please have mercy on me. I made a mistake. (narration)30
  
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• 31) This is not a correct approach at all and should never be followed. (simple sentence)31
• 32) She was silent. (noun form of “silent”)
• 33) I didn’t know anyone else was there. (turn into affirmative)3
• 34) The Tsar and the hermit unfastened the man’s clothing. There was a large wound in the stomach. (single sentence)
• 35) The bleeding bark will heal. (make Interrogative)35
• 36) “How answered? What do you mean? Asked the Tsar. (narration)
• 37) They seemed very anxious about her comfort. (noun form of ‘anxious’)37
• 38) There was a very old mosque in our locality where my father would take me for evening prayers. (split)
• 39) Was I bothering you? (voice)39
• 40) I will serve you as your most faithful slave. (positive degree)40
  
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• 41) I would teach you right from wrong. (turn into negative)
• 42) Guru said, “Live like a man, my son!” (narration)
• 43) She would forget our brief encounter. (voice)
• 44) I answered. I was quite confident. (adverb form of “confident”)
• 45) The Tsar agreed with none of them. (affirmative)
• 46) The bleeding bark will heal and from close to the ground will raise curled green twigs. (split)
• 47) Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May. (turn into complex )
• 48) The poet says, “The humming insects don’t disturb his rest.” (Narration)
• 49) Was I bothering you? (make assertive)
• 50) There’s nothing greater than the truth. (superlative degree)50
  
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• 51) They called their good-byes and the train pulled out of the station. (simple sentence)
• 52) She was completely blind. (noun form of ‘blind’)
• 53) I wished to kill you. You have saved my life. (compound sentence)
• 54) You have an interesting face. (make it negative)
• 55) Learned men came to the Tsar. They all answered his questions differently. (simple)
• 56) I was totally convinced that they reached God. (change the voice)
• 57) I’ll never tell a lie. (use verb form of ‘tell’)
• 58) The guard blew his whistle and we moved off. (complex sentence)
• 59) Guru: God bless the queen! God bless the queen. (narration)
• 60) Few girls can resist flattery. (voice)60
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• 61) My father had not much formal education. He had not much wealth. (join)
• 62) He took a vow a right away. (use the verb form of ‘Vow’)
• 63) She bent down enough to permit him to stop. (make it complex)
• 64) The bleeding bark will heal. (split)
• 65) Woman: What’s the matter, bhaiya? (narration)
• 66) The hermit lived in a wood which he never quitted. (voice)
• 67) I was totally blind. My eyes were sensitive to light and darkness. (single)
• 68) There was nothing mysterious about the prayers. (Noun form)
• 69) Thou art more lovely and more temperate than summer. (positive degree)
• 70) She had a large purse that had everything in it. (exclamatory sentence)70
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• 71) She said, looking out into the street, “Good night! Behave yourself, boy!” (narration)
• 72) The havaldar starts beating up the drunkard. (use a infinitive)
• 73) Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? (turn into assertive)
• 74) A soldier, very young, lies open-mouthed. (complex sentence)
• 75) One must draw up in advance, a table of days, months and years. (voice)
• 76) The engine’s whistle shirked, the carriage wheels changed their sound and
• rhythm. (split)
• 77) Gambler: Gurudev, the only kind of gambling I indulge in is cards. (Narration)
• 78) One of the most vivid memories of my early childhood is of the two men. (positive Degree)
• 79) The water dripping from his face, the boy looked at her. (split)
• 80) You have an interesting face. (explanatory) 80
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• 81) The Tsar did not give him the spade. He continued to dig. (Complex sent.)
• 82) Hack and Chap. (voice)
• 83) The girl said, “Oh, how lucky you are.” (narration)
• 84) My mother lineage was more distinguished than my father’s. (degree of comparison)
• 85) There was another pause. The boy’s mouth opened. (Join into simple)
• 86) Why don’t you say this to the people who come to you for help and advice. (split)
• 87) It takes much time to kill a tree. (voice)
• 88) What a tyrant! (assertive)
• 89) I wondered if I would be able to prevent her from discovering that I was
• blind. (Make it simple sent.)
• 90) The humming insects do not disturb his sleep. (affirmative) 90
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• 91) Not a simple jab of the knife will do it. (voice)
• 92) The humming insects do not disturb his sleep. (affirmative)
• 93) I wanted to raise my hand and touch her hair, but she moved a (simple)
• 94) The bleeding bark will heal. (make negative)
• 95) There’s nothing greater than the truth. (turn into positive degree)
• 96) I’ll never tell a lie. (affirmative)
• 97) The hermit lived in a wood which he never quitted. (affirmative)
• 98) I didn’t know anyone else was there. (voice)
• 99) Oh, how lucky you are! (make assertive)
• 100) The humming insects don’t disturb his rest. (Noun Form)100
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• 101) I turned from the window and faced the girl. (make simple)
• 102) “Can you tell me—did she keep her hair long or short?” I said. (narration)
• 103) My father could convey complex spiritual concepts. (voice)
• 104) When they finished eating, she got up. (simple)
• 105) Charandas being renowned thief, it is not easy to catch him. (split)
• 106) Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? (assertive)
• 107) Having taken leave of the wounded man, the Tsar went into the porch. (compound)
• 108) “Why don’t you look out of the window?” she asked. (narration)
• 109) Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? (voice change)
• 110) They called their goodbyes. The train pulled out of the station. (Simple)110
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• 111) You make much more than I do. (positive degree)
• 112) Does anyone who dresses like a minister become a minister? (assertive)
• 113) Well done! (assertive)
• 114) The woman said, “Well, I wasn’t going to say that.” (narration)
• 115) The hermit was digging the ground in front of his hut.
• (voice)
• 116) Who can forget you? (assertive)
• 117) I turned from the window. I faced the girl. (Join into Simple)
• 118) The Shiva temple, which made Rameshwaram so famous to pilgrims, was about a ten-minute walk from our house. (split)
• 119) My children haven’t eaten for three days, Malik. They’re half- dead of starvation. (Join in simple sent.)
• 120) Jainulbdeen said, “Adversity always presents opportunities for introspection.” (narration)120
• ___________________________________________________________ 121) You have already been answered. (voice)
• 122) Charandas was honest. He died. (simple)
• 123) A soldier, very young, lies open-mouthed.(complex)
• 124) The boy turned around, wondering what next.(split)
• 125) “I wanted a pair of blue suede shoes,” said the boy.(narration)
• 126) They called their good byes.(voice)
• 127) I normally ate with my mother. I sat on the floor of the kitchen.(Join in single sent.)
• 128) When the Tsar approached, the hermit was digging the ground in front of his hut.(split)
• 129) I have nothing to forgive you forgive you for.(interrogative)
• 130) My mother’s linage was more distinguished than my father’s. (degree of comparison)130
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• 131) She said, “What is your name?” “Rodger” answered the boy. (narration)
• 132) When at last the blood ceased flowing, the man asked for something to drink. (Split)
• 133) This water was then carried home for invalids. (voice)
• 134) Why don’t you look out of the window? (assertive)
• 135) A soldier, very young lies open-mouthed. (complex)
• 136) My father told me there was nothing mysterious about the prayers. (voice)
• 137) The soldier was dead. He was young. (simple)
• 138) And he did not want to be mistrusted now. (Remove negative)
• 139) Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May. (Voice)
• 140) The Tsar brought fresh water and gave it to him. (interrogative)140
• 141) The guru said to the smoker, “Now, my son, what’s your vice?” (narration)
• 142) She thought me a romantic fool. (voice)
• 143) The Shiva temple, which made Rameshwaram so famous to pilgrims, was about a ten minute walk from our house.
• (simple)
• 144) The strap broke with a single tug. The boy gave it behind. (complex)
• 145) Others declared that it was impossible to decide. (noun form of ‘Declared’)
• 146) Havaldar: Sadhu Maharaj! Did you see a thief run past? (narration)
• 147) The world was shut out again. I returned to my berth. (simple)
• 148) What a large-hearted soul! (assertive)
• 149) But thy eternal summer shall not fade. (affirmative)
• 150) All the answers were different. The Tsar agreed with none. (Simple)150

TUTORIALevolution

On Killing A Tree 

---by Gieve Patel

ON KILLING A TREE

It takes much time to kill a tree,
Not a simple jab of the knife
Will do it. It has grown
Slowly consuming the earth,
Rising out of it, feeding
Upon its crust, absorbing
Years of sunlight, air, water,
And out of its leprous hide
Sprouting leaves.

So hack and chop
But this alone won't do it.
Not so much pain will do it.
The bleeding bark will heal
And from close to the ground
Will rise curled green twigs,
Miniature boughs
Which if unchecked will expand again
To former size.

No,
The root is to be pulled out —
Out of the anchoring earth;
It is to be roped, tied,
And pulled out — snapped out
Or pulled out entirely,
Out from the earth-cave,
And the strength of the tree exposed
The source, white and wet,
The most sensitive, hidden
For years inside the earth.

Then the matter
Of scorching and choking
In sun and air,
Browning, hardening,
Twisting, withering,
And then it is done.

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SAQ OF ON KILLING A TREE

Answer the following questions incomplete sentences :

1.Who wrote the poem, 'On Killing a Tree'?

Gieve Patel wrote the poem 'On Killing a Tree'.

2.What does the tree symbolize?

The tree symbolizes Nature and the environment.

3.What is the theme of the poem, 'On Killing a Tree'?

The theme of the poem, 'On Killing a Tree' is the degradation of Nature at the hands of the man in the modern age.

4.How does the poet represent his theme?

The the poet represents his theme with a veiled note of irony.

5.Where does the irony lie in the poem?  ·

The the irony lies in the ceremonial task of killing the tree.

 6.Inhat form of verse is this the poem was written in?

This poem is written in free verse or polyrhythmic verse.

7.On what tone does the poem end?

The poem ends on a tone of tragedy.

8.What makes this poem easy to read?

This poem is easy to read for it is written with conversational ease.

9.ls, the process of cutting the tree a thoughtless act?

The process of cutting the tree is a deliberate act.

10.What does the very word, 'Killing' suggest here?

The very word, 'Killing' suggests the destructive nature of man to satisfy his greed.

11.Whates the word ‘killing’ in the title of the poem indicate?

The word, 'Killing' in the title of the poem indicates the brutality of man.

12.What is needed to kill a tree?

A far greater effort than a simple jab of a knife is needed to kill a tree.

13.What does the expression, 'consuming the earth' mean?

The expression, 'consuming the earth' suggests the growth of a tree is drawing vital nutrients from the earth.

14.What does the word ‘crust’ mean?

The word, 'crust' means solid exterior, I .e.-the surface of the earth.

15.Why won't a simple jab of the knife kill a tree?

The sudden blow of the knife will not destroy a tree because the injured bark will heal up to get back its former shape.

16.What does the tree absorb to become a full-fledged grown-up tree?

The tree absorbs years of sunlight, air and water to become a full-fledged/grown-up tree.

17.What does the poet mean to say by the expression, 'leprous hide'?

By the expression, 'leprous hide', the poet means to say tree-bark looking like scales and flakes.

18.What does the word, 'leprous' connote?

The word 'leprous' connotes the negative attitude of the poet towards the tree.

19.Why should the tree be hacked and chopped?

As the mighty age-old tree cannot be felled with a simple jab of a knife, it should be hacked and chopped with repeated irregular or awkward blows with a sharp implement/weapons.

20.What does the poet mean to say by the expression, "But this alone won't do." ?

The the poet means to say by the above expression that hacking and chopping are not enough to kill a tree because new shoots will sprout from the stump.

21.How, according to the poet, will the tree be subjected to much greater paint?

When the tree will be roped to pull its roots out of the ground, it will be subjected to much greater pain.

22.What does the word, 'bleeding' suggest in the expression “bleeding barks”?

In the expression, 'bleeding bark', the word, 'bleeding' suggests the sap of the tree, oozing/emitting out from the wounds.

23.What are 'miniature boughs'?

Miniature boughs are small green twigs.

24.What does the phrase, ‘the anchoring earth' meant?

The the phrase, 'anchoring earth' means that the ‘earth' is as heavy as an 'anchor'.

25.How can the roots be pulled out completely?

A the rope should be tied around the tree firmly to pull the roots out of the ground.

26.What does the phrase, 'the earth-cave' mean?

The the phrase, 'the earth-cave' means a gaping hollow found on the ground when the root is pulled out and it is as large as a cave of the mountain.

27.Where does the strength of the tree lie?

The strength of the tree lies in the roots that hold it firmly.

28.What looks like a leprous hide ?

The discoloured bark of the tree looks like a leprous hide.

29.Why does it take so much time to kill a tree?

It takes so much time to kill a tree because it has grown slowly, consuming the earth, rising out of it, feeding upon its crust and absorbing years of sunlight.

30."But this alone won't do it." -What does 'it' refer to?

Here 'It' refers to the process of killing a tree.

31.How is it 'ironic' that 'the leprous hide' sprouts leave?

The leprous hide that drains away the vitality of life has been said to be a source of growth, So it is ironic.

32.What contrast have you seen between 'bleeding bark’ and green twigs’?

'Bleeding bark’ is suggestive of decay and death but 'green twigs' suggest 'fresh growth'.

33.What methods are generally used to kill a tree?

The method of hacking and chopping are generally used to kill a tree.

34.Why does the poet describe the the killing of a tree so vividly?

The the poet describes the killing of a tree so vividly only to evoke sympathy for the tree that sustains human life.

35.Which words suggest that the the tree is very much a living organism?

The words, 'bleeding', 'heal', 'rise', 'expand' suggest that the tree is very much a living organism.

36.From the poem bring out some words which are suggestive of life, Death, Violence.

'consume', 'rise', 'feed', 'absorb', 'sprout' etc. are suggestive of life.

'hack', 'scorching', 'choking', 'browning', is suggestive of death

‘roped’, ‘tied’. ‘pulled out’, ‘snapped out’ are suggestive of violence.

37.What is the most sensitive part of a tree?

The the most sensitive part of a tree is its white and wet root.

38.Why is the root white?

The the root is white because it has not been out in the sunshine.

39.Why is the root wet?

The the root is wet because it is used to pass on the water to the tree.

40.What remains hidden inside the earth?

Root, the most vital part of a tree remains hidden inside the earth.

41.What is the need for 'scorching' and 'chocking'?

'Scorching' and 'choking' will hinder the tree to come back to life.

42.What does the term 'browning 'mean?

The the term, 'browning' means the hard and dry effect of heat on the tree trunk and the roots.

43.Why does the tree harden?

As the life-supporting sap withers after death, the tree hardens itself in the sun.

44.“And then it is done"-- What is the inner meaning of this line?

The line implicitly conveys that what is done is really the destruction of the world.

BAQ OF ON KILLING A TREE